![]() 9, 2018.Muhammad Azrin Mohd Asihin 1 Mohd Yazid Bajuri 2 * Abdul Rauf Ahmad 1 Premganesh K. Journal of the American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria suspected osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or soft tissue infection (excluding spine and diabetic foot). Osteomyelitis in adults: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis. Trends in the epidemiology of osteomyelitis: A population-based study, 1969 to 2009. Check wounds frequently for signs of infection. If you or your child has a minor injury, clean the area immediately and apply a clean bandage. In general, take precautions to avoid cuts, scrapes and animal scratches or bites, which give germs easy access to your body. Reducing your risk of infection will also help your risk of developing osteomyelitis. ![]() If you've been told that you have an increased risk of infection, talk to your doctor about ways to prevent infections from occurring. If your osteomyelitis has resulted in an open sore that is draining pus, the surrounding skin is at higher risk of developing squamous cell cancer. Normal growth in bones or joints in children may be affected if osteomyelitis occurs in the softer areas, called growth plates, at either end of the long bones of the arms and legs. Sometimes, infection within bones can spread into a nearby joint. Areas where bone has died need to be surgically removed for antibiotics to be effective. An infection in your bone can impede blood circulation within the bone, leading to bone death. People who inject illegal drugs are more likely to develop osteomyelitis because they may use nonsterile needles and are less likely to sterilize their skin before injections. Needing to take corticosteroids or drugs called tumor necrosis factor inhibitors.Factors that may suppress your immune system include: If your immune system is affected by a medical condition or medication, you have a greater risk of osteomyelitis. Long-term intravenous tubing, sometimes called central lines.However, this tubing can also serve as a way for germs to get into your body, increasing your risk of an infection in general, which can lead to osteomyelitis.Įxamples of when this type of tubing might be used include: There are a number of conditions that require the use of medical tubing to connect the outside world with your internal organs. Problems requiring intravenous lines or catheters Peripheral artery disease, often related to smoking.What begins as a small cut can progress to a deep ulcer that may expose deep tissue and bone to infection.ĭiseases that impair blood circulation include: When blood vessels are damaged or blocked, your body has trouble distributing the infection-fighting cells needed to keep a small infection from growing larger. Implanted orthopedic hardware is a risk factor for infection. Surgery to repair broken bones or replace worn joints also can accidentally open a path for germs to enter a bone. A deep puncture wound, such as an animal bite or a nail piercing through a shoe, can also provide a pathway for infection. Other factors that can make your bones more vulnerable to osteomyelitis may include: Recent injury or orthopedic surgeryĪ severe bone fracture or a deep puncture wound gives bacteria a route to enter your bone or nearby tissue. Your bones are normally resistant to infection, but this protection lessens as you get older. Direct contamination with germs can occur during surgeries to replace joints or repair fractures. Germs can also enter the body if you have broken a bone so severely that part of it is sticking out through your skin. If such an injury becomes infected, the germs can spread into a nearby bone. Severe puncture wounds can carry germs deep inside your body. Germs in other parts of your body - for example, in the lungs from pneumonia or in the bladder from a urinary tract infection - can travel through your bloodstream to a weakened spot in a bone. Germs can enter a bone in a variety of ways, including: Most cases of osteomyelitis are caused by staphylococcus bacteria, types of germs commonly found on the skin or in the nose of even healthy individuals.
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